INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND INFORMATION SYSTEM

Blockchain Integration in Information Systems: A Systematic Review of Security, Efficiency, and Adoption Barriers

2025-03-17T03:09:59+00:00

Blockchain technology has emerged as a transformative innovation in information systems, offering enhanced security, efficiency, and transparency. However, its adoption faces multiple barriers, including technical, organizational, and regulatory challenges. This study aims to systematically review the integration of blockchain technology in information systems, analyzing its security enhancements, adoption barriers, and efficiency improvements. A systematic literature review was conducted using scholarly databases, including IEEE Xplore, Scopus, Web of Science, and Springer, covering studies published between 2019 and 2024. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology was applied to screen and select relevant studies. The findings indicate that blockchain significantly improves security features in information systems. For example, one study showed that blockchain’s cryptographic mechanisms reduced fraud rates by 30% in healthcare transactions (Aboagye et al., 2023). Additionally, blockchain’s decentralization decreased system vulnerabilities by 25% in financial applications. However, key barriers such as high implementation costs, regulatory uncertainties, and scalability issues hinder widespread adoption. Moreover, blockchain enhances efficiency by reducing transaction times by up to 40% and improving data integrity. Blockchain technology holds immense potential for securing and optimizing information systems. Overcoming adoption barriers through standardized regulations, technological advancements, and organizational readiness is crucial for its widespread implementation. Future research should explore scalability solutions and real-world applications to enhance blockchain integration in various sectors.

Environmental Modification and Anthropogenic Impacts on Urban Environment

2025-03-21T03:56:32+00:00

The paper focuses on environmental modification resulting from urban hazardous ecological impact induced by humans who are the most potent and fundamental agents of environmental alteration, exponential population growth, industrialization, poor sanitary conditions and general environmental depletion activities, thereby contributing to the decline of environmental quality. Thus, advancing mitigation and adaptation strategies to ameliorate environmental degradation. To provide an in- depth analysis of the subject matter, literature was reviewed while situating the research on a conceptual framework based on environmental possibilism, determinism and carrying capacity. Human activities which are the major ecological transformation agent in the urban area, can also be measured in terms of the biologically productive natural resources (land, water, air soils and the biologically active sphere). The study therefore recommends that social impact assessment, as well as environmental impact assessment, must be carried out to regulate man’s activities to mitigate environmental decline. These measures will safeguard, protect and conserve the environment and improve its quality to forestall indiscriminate damage.

Development of a Web-Based Server Monitoring System Using the PPDIOO Method

2025-03-21T03:43:25+00:00

The Regional Revenue Agency (Bapenda) of Riau Province is a government institution responsible for planning, implementing, monitoring, and managing regional revenue in Riau Province. Since 2011, Bapenda has implemented a centralized local revenue tax collection system through the Registration Identification and Samsat System (SIRIS). In 2017, the SIRIS system handled an average of 3,606 transactions from 33 UPTUP across Riau Province, generating a total revenue of Rp 1,703,507,593,488. To maintain the quality of payment services, the SIRIS server must be continuously monitored to ensure optimal performance. One of the main issues in the current monitoring process is that Network Administrators must manually monitor the system at all times since it lacks an automatic alert feature for disruptions. This condition requires administrators to continuously monitor the server, which is not always feasible. This research focuses on developing a Web-Based Server Monitoring System that can provide real-time notifications via Instant Messaging Telegram. The system is developed using the Prepare, Plan, Design, Implement, Operate, Optimize (PPDIOO) methodology. User Acceptance Testing results indicate a 100% user acceptance rate for the system. Based on the testing results, it can be concluded that the developed server monitoring system effectively assists in server monitoring and promptly provides notifications via Telegram in case of disruptions. With a high acceptance rate, this system significantly facilitates Network Administrators in overseeing the server more efficiently.

Enhancing the Stability of Light-Responsive Automatic Door Systems Against Sudden Light Changes

2025-04-11T02:20:38+00:00

In this study, a low-cost and light-responsive automatic chicken coop door system was developed. The system was designed to operate stably under sudden changes in ambient light conditions. The system was designed to address instability issues commonly encountered in coop doors that are required to open and close based on daylight conditions. For this purpose, a light testing cabinet was constructed and various illumination levels were tested using LDR and BH1750 light sensors along with optical diffusers. Regression models were developed to convert the analog data from the LDR circuit into lux values. Moreover, statistical filtering methods such as the Interquartile Range (IQR) and Z-Score were applied to prevent system instability caused by sudden changes in lighting (e.g., vehicle headlights, passing clouds). The effectiveness of the filtering methods was analyzed using both artificially generated data from the light test cabinet and real minute-based solar irradiance data collected from a meteorological station. The developed system achieved enhanced sensor accuracy and operational stability through the use of low-cost components and the integration of an outlier detection module. Test results showed that the regression model used for lux estimation based on LDR readings achieved an R² value of 0.97, and the application of IQR and Z-Score filtering methods successfully removed outliers, resulting in improved operational stability under variable lighting conditions. The proposed approach offers a versatile solution for various sensor-driven control systems, including automatic doors and smart home applications.

ECA-MSNet: A Multi-Scale Residual U-Net with Efficient Channel Attention for Real-World Image Denoising

2025-04-17T03:26:11+00:00

Real‑world photographs contain complex, sensor‑dependent noise that simultaneously obscures subtle high‑frequency textures and broad contextual cues, making denoising a persistent challenge in low‑level vision. The goal of this study is to devise a single, computationally balanced model that removes such heterogeneous noise while faithfully preserving both fine detail and global structure. We introduce ECA‑MSNet, a dual‑branch convolutional architecture designed around this objective. The Residual Detail Estimation Branch reconstructs delicate textures that are most susceptible to corruption, whereas the Multi‑Scale Feature Restoration Branch—a U‑Net enhanced with Attention‑based Multi‑Scale Residual Blocks and lightweight Efficient Channel Attention (ECA)—captures coarse‑to‑fine contextual information. A Dual Residual Fusion Module adaptively merges the two outputs, and a final Refine Block suppresses residual artifacts, yielding the restored image. Extensive experiments on the SIDD and PolyU real‑noise benchmarks validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. ECA‑MSNet achieves 39.41 dB / 0.9109 SSIM on SIDD and 37.76 dB / 0.9574 SSIM on PolyU, outperforming strong baselines such as DnCNN, FFDNet, CBDNet, and CycleISP. Ablation studies further confirm that each architectural component—dual‑branch design, multi‑scale residual blocks, channel attention, and fusion strategy—contributes measurable gains. These results demonstrate that ECA‑MSNet sets a new state of the art for real‑world image denoising, offering a favorable trade‑off between accuracy and efficiency and providing a versatile foundation for other low‑level vision tasks.

Stability of Dielectric Insulation System in GSUT Transformer of Pertamina Geothermal Energy Lahendong: A Diagnostic Approach Based on DFR (Dielectric Frequency Response)

2025-04-11T08:08:59+00:00

Generator Step-Up Transformer (GSUT) is a vital component in the power system that serves to raise the voltage level before the transmission process. The operational reliability of the transformer is highly dependent on the condition of the dielectric insulation system which consists of mineral oil and insulating paper. A decrease in the quality of the insulation system can have a significant impact on the performance and operational life of the transformer. This study aims to analyze the results of Dielectric Frequency Response (DFR) testing on the GSUT Unit 6 Transformer at PGE Lahendong to evaluate the moisture content in insulating paper and the conductivity of transformer oil based on the IEC 60422 and IEC 61620 standard references. The test results based on the dissipation factor (DF) graph show that the moisture content in the insulating paper is 0.9% (dry category) and the oil conductivity is 1 fS/m, which indicates that the condition of the insulation system is still good with an estimated remaining operational life of up to 70 years by calculating the ratio between the average operating temperature value of the transformer and its dielectric rate (Dp.t). However, electromagnetic interference or bushing contamination can cause negative dissipation factor (DF) values, leading to invalid measurements. Therefore, DFR testing using the OMICRON DIRANA device proved effective in monitoring the condition of the dielectric insulation system and providing an accurate estimation of the remaining insulation life, as well as supporting the implementation of predictive maintenance strategies in power transformers.

Surveying the IT Infrastructure Challenges in Afghanistan

2025-04-24T03:54:49+00:00

The rapid advancement of technology has brought significant transformations across various sectors globally, including in Afghanistan. However, the country's Information Technology (IT) infrastructure remains underdeveloped, particularly in key areas such as health, e-commerce, telecommunications, e-governance, academic research, education, and culture. This research paper analyzes the challenges faced by the IT infrastructure in Afghanistan. In January 2024, there were 7.88 million internet users in Afghanistan, representing 18.4% of the total population. The aim of this study is to identify the current challenges of IT infrastructure and assess their impact on users' access to the digital world. A systematic review of scientific, research, and administrative documents was conducted to gather data. Quantitative analysis of these documents reveals that only a small segment of the population has access to technology, and their usage is primarily limited to social media and virtual spaces. The study found that Afghanistan's IT infrastructure is weak and insufficient to support the development of e-governance, e-commerce, banking, healthcare, and educational systems. Several factors contribute to these challenges, including slow internet speeds, high costs, and limited access to technology compared to neighboring countries. Based on these findings, the paper proposes potential solutions to improve the IT infrastructure in Afghanistan, with a focus on addressing the identified weaknesses and ensuring broader access to digital services.

Effect of Mercerisation Soaking Time and Concentration on Tensile Properties of Pentaclethra macrophylla Fibre Reinforced Composite for Automotive Application

2025-05-13T04:34:22+00:00

Lately, there has been a growing global awareness about the negative impact of synthetic fibres and the need for replacement with eco-friendly, plant-based natural fibres. However, the hydrophilic nature of these natural fibres can create compatibility issues with various matrices, which limits their use. This has sparked an increased research interest in finding an effective mercerization process to modify the surface of these plant-based fibres, ultimately enhancing their mechanical properties. In this study, fruit fibres from the Pentaclethra macrophylla plant was processed, experimented with NaOH soaking times of 1 hour, 3 hours, and 5 hours, along with treatment concentrations of 2%, 5%, and 8% by weight. The tensile properties of the composite made from these processed fibres were examined, and statistical analysis using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression in Minitab software was conducted. The results showed a 21% decrease in tensile strength and a 32% increase in elastic modulus as the soaking time increased from 1 hour to 5 hours. Additionally, increasing the NaOH treatment concentration from 2% to 8% led to enhancements in both tensile strength and elastic modulus. This study shows that the tensile properties of the fiber composite are greatly impacted by both the soaking time and NaOH concentration. Therefore, optimising the parameters of the mercerisation process can enhance these properties, making the Pentaclethra M. fibre-reinforced composite a viable option for automotive applications.

Sound Source Localization: A Survey

2025-05-12T05:29:17+00:00

In modern defense systems, there is a growing demand for technologies that detect and track threats without revealing the observer’s position. Sound Source Localization (SSL) fulfills this requirement by passively estimating the position of sound-emitting targets using spatially distributed microphone arrays. Unlike active sensing systems, SSL operates solely on incoming acoustic signals, extracting location information from time delays, amplitude differences, or phase shifts. This survey provides a structured review of recent studies, covering both classical SSL methods (e.g., TDOA, GCC-PHAT) and artificial intelligence (AI)-based models (e.g., CNNs, RNNs). Classical techniques offer low computational complexity and reliable spatial resolution under ideal conditions but often degrade in noisy or reverberant environments. In contrast, AI-based approaches exhibit higher adaptability and robustness to environmental variability, though they require substantial labeled data and computational resources. Moreover, the performance of SSL systems is closely tied to microphone array geometry: while linear arrays are simple and widely used, circular, spherical, and irregular configurations provide better angular coverage and enable 3D localization. The review concludes that SSL performance is highly application-dependent, and no single method is universally superior. Hybrid approaches that combine signal processing with machine learning, as well as adaptive array designs, emerge as promising directions for improving SSL accuracy, robustness, and scalability in real-world scenarios. The comparative analysis result also underscores that optimal SSL design hinges on a trade-off between algorithmic complexity, environmental conditions, and array geometry, with hybrid methods offering a viable path forward.

VISSIM Modeling and Simulation to Optimize the Performance of the Blimbing Ngoro Three-Way Intersection in Jombang Regency

2025-05-15T02:55:16+00:00

This research aims to analyze the existing conditions of the intersection and provide performance improvement solutions through modeling and simulation using PTV VISSIM software. Data was obtained through field surveys, interviews with stakeholders, and related literature studies. The analysis was conducted with reference to the Indonesian Road Capacity Guidelines (PKJI) 2023 to measure performance parameters such as degree of saturation, queue length, and average delay. The results showed that the existing condition of the Blimbing Three Intersection was at the LOS D level of service, with an average delay of 30.99 seconds and a queue length of 26.53 meters, reflecting less than optimal traffic performance. Based on the ARRB analysis, it is necessary to control the intersection by installing traffic signals to improve safety and efficiency. Three proposed scenarios were tested using VISSIM simulation, where Proposal 1 produced the best performance with a delay of 20.34 seconds and a queue of 10.37 meters (LOS C). Proposal 2, with a three-phase arrangement, actually worsened conditions with a delay of 54.72 seconds and a queue of 84.44 meters (LOS D). Meanwhile, Proposal 3, which combines three phases and the left-turn on-ramp feature (LTOR), gives almost as good results as Proposal 1, with a delay of 24.05 seconds and a queue of 16.28 meters, remaining at LOS C. Therefore, Proposal 3 is considered the most effective solution as it is able to improve traffic flow without neglecting the safety aspect.

Identification of Variables Affecting the Number of Traffic Accident Casualties (Intersections (4 and T) in Yogyakarta)

2025-06-11T09:19:48+00:00

Yogyakarta has recorded a relatively high rate of traffic accidents, with a consistent trend throughout 2024. This condition is influenced by high traffic density, a consequence of increased activity in the education, tourism, and economic sectors, despite the implementation of various mitigation efforts. The aim of this study is to identify the variables that potentially influence the number of traffic accident casualties at (4 and T) intersections in Yogyakarta. The study utilized initial data collection through CCTV recordings at accident locations, data from the Integrated Road Safety Management System (IRSMS), Google Street View observations, and multiple linear regression analysis combined with variable reduction based on Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) values. The results indicate that eight variables significantly influence the number of traffic accident casualties in Yogyakarta. However, limited Smart City CCTV coverage restricts comprehensive analysis. Future research requires expanded intersection monitoring and extended study scope to enhance validity and representation.

The Influence of Road Geometry on the Number of Accidents at Curves: A Study on the Variability of Hilliness and Bendiness

2025-06-13T06:09:46+00:00

This study examined the influence of roadway geometry on traffic safety, focusing on the effects of hilliness and bendiness along a 9.28 km road segment in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Geometric data, including elevation and curvature, were collected using the GeoTracker application and processed with a Python-based sliding window segmentation of 1 km length and 50% overlap, resulting in 19 analysis segments. Traffic accident data were obtained from official police reports and included the number of crashes, minor injuries, serious injuries, and fatalities for each segment. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was performed to evaluate the simultaneous effects of hilliness and bendiness on the crash variables. The results showed that hilliness significantly influenced the total number of accidents, while bendiness significantly affected the occurrence of serious injuries. Hilliness explained approximately 80% of the variance in accident frequency, and bendiness contributed substantially to variations in serious injuries. Although neither hilliness nor bendiness showed significant effects on minor injuries and fatalities, both factors exhibited positive trends in relation to increasing crash severity. The findings demonstrated that vertical elevation changes and horizontal curvature contributed significantly to traffic accident risks. The study suggested that incorporating these geometric parameters into road design, safety assessments, and targeted interventions could help reduce accident occurrences, particularly in mountainous and curvilinear roadway segments.

Analysis of the Costs of Traffic Accidents in the City of Dili, Timor-Leste

2025-06-23T03:07:28+00:00

The Value of Statistical Life (VSL) of residents in Dili City, Timor-Leste is examined in this research using the Willingness to Pay (WTP) method to determine how the public values reducing the risk of fatal traffic accidents. Data collection involved conducting structured face-to-face interviews in various offices and schools. Each respondent was presented with three hypothetical traffic safety programs offering risk reductions of 20%, 50%, and 65%. The associated WTP amounts were USD 12, USD 15, and USD 20, respectively. VSL was computed by dividing WTP by the corresponding percentage of risk reduction. The data were further analyzed using a binary logistic regression model, executed in R Studio software, to estimate the probability of WTP based on socioeconomic variables such as gender, age, education level, occupation, income, and cost of the proposed intervention. The regression results demonstrated a statistically significant and negative relationship between the program’s cost and the willingness to pay, indicating that greater expenses lowered public acceptance. The average individual VSL was calculated at USD 524.83 for female respondents and USD 398.07 for males. Using official records of 102 traffic-related fatalities in Dili during the 2022–2024 period, the Social Value of Statistical Life (SVSL) was estimated at USD 17,830.70 for females and USD 13,524.02 for males. Based on these findings, six policy recommendations are proposed: improved road infrastructure, strengthened law enforcement, public safety education, clearer traffic signage, adequate street lighting, and enhanced pedestrian protection.