INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND INFORMATION SYSTEM

Assessing Urban Rail Service Quality and User Satisfaction: A PLS-SEM Study on LRT Jabodebek in Jakarta Metropolitan Region

Adil Afrizal Gani — 2026-06-29

Light Rail Transit (LRT) Jabodebek was developed to improve urban mobility and promote a shift from private vehicles to public transportation. However, understanding of the service quality dimensions that most influence user satisfaction remains limited. This study aims to analyze the effect of accessibility, comfort, punctuality, safety, and information on user satisfaction of LRT Jabodebek. The study employed a quantitative approach using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method based on survey data from 300 users on the Harjamukti-Dukuh Atas and Jatimulya-Dukuh Atas corridors. The results of the analysis indicate that the measurement model meets the criteria of reliability and validity. Furthermore, the structural model shows that accessibility (β = 0.35; p < 0.001), comfort (β = 0.31; p < 0.001), punctuality (β = 0.27; p = 0.002), safety (β = 0.22; p = 0.007), and information (β = 0.18; p = 0.034) have a positive and significant effect on user satisfaction. The accessibility variable exerts the greatest influence on user satisfaction. The coefficient of determination (R² = 0.64) indicates that the model is able to explain 64% of the variation in LRT Jabodebek user satisfaction. This study provides an empirical contribution by developing a comprehensive model of urban rail service quality using the PLS-SEM approach in the context of LRT Jabodebek. These findings offer practical implications for operators and policymakers to prioritize improvements in accessibility, comfort, punctuality, safety, and information quality in order to enhance user satisfaction and promote more sustainable public transportation use.

Analysis of Passenger Transport Mode Choice Between Bus and Airplane to Improve Service (Case Study: Palembang-Jakarta Route)

Renita Vira Maulidina — 2026-04-15

The development of public transport in Indonesia is an important factor in supporting community mobility, especially in inter-city travel. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the choice of transport mode between buses and airplanes on the Palembang-Jakarta route. This study uses the binary logistic regression method to identify the probability of users choosing one mode of transport based on various factors. Inter-city mobility in Indonesia is increasing, especially for travel between Palembang and Jakarta. The choice of efficient modes of transport is an important factor for users, with two main modes available, namely buses and airplanes. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the choice of transportation mode by considering variables such as travel costs, travel time, comfort, safety, and accessibility. The research method used is binary logistic regression, which allows for the analysis of the probability of mode selection based on influential factors. Data was collected through a questionnaire survey involving respondents who had travelled from Palembang to Jakarta. Based on the results of the study, optimization of public transport services is needed to improve competitiveness and enhance travel comfort and safety. This study provides insights for transport service providers and policymakers in designing more efficient and sustainable transport policies.

Driving License Testing Quality and Driver Competence in Urban Traffic Safety

Johannes Johannes — 2026-05-21

Road traffic accidents remain a pressing public safety concern in rapidly urbanizing cities. In Bekasi City, accident cases rose from 683 in 2022 to 1,146 in 2025, with a growing proportion of perpetrators found to be licensed drivers, raising questions about whether the driving license (SIM) testing system adequately ensures driver competence. This study examines the relationship between the quality of SIM testing and driver competence, focusing on hazard perception, safety knowledge, and driving behavior in Bekasi City. A quantitative approach was employed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) within the General Linear Model (GLM) framework, involving 120 respondents: 60 SIM A (car drivers) and 60 SIM C (motorcycle riders). Data were collected through questionnaires based on official SIM training modules. The results show that for SIM A drivers, the model significantly affects hazard perception and safety knowledge (Sig. = 0.000), but not driving behavior (Sig. = 0.102), with R² values of 0.818, 0.568, and 0.197, respectively. For SIM C riders, the model is significant across all variables (Sig. = 0.000), with R² values of 0.696, 0.633, and 0.562. Age and driving experience significantly influence cognitive aspects, while license ownership shows a consistently strong effect (Sig. = 0.000). Questionnaire accuracy ranged from 78% to 92% across all categories. Despite high cognitive scores, a gap persists between knowledge and actual driving behavior, particularly among SIM A drivers. It is recommended that the system incorporate behavior-based evaluations and real-world driving assessments to improve road safety outcomes.

Evaluating the Effect of Stop Line Visibility on Driver Compliance at Urban Intersections in Jakarta

Rian Hendris Saputra — 2026-05-23

Urban intersections are critical nodes in city traffic systems, where road marking clarity is vital in guiding driver behavior and reducing violations. In rapidly growing cities such as Jakarta, the degradation of road markings, particularly stop line markings, poses a significant challenge to traffic safety and compliance. This study examines the influence of stop line marking clarity on road user compliance at urban intersections in Jakarta. The research applies a mixed-method approach that integrates field observation, speed profile analysis, Difference-in-Differences (DiD), and multiple linear regression to provide a comprehensive understanding of driver behavior. Two intersections representing different marking conditions, namely clear and faded markings, were selected as study locations. The DiD analysis shows a clear difference in violation behavior, where the intersection with clear markings has a violation rate of 22.0%, while the intersection with faded markings reaches 37.7%, resulting in a difference of 15.6%. The speed profile analysis indicates that vehicles at the intersection with faded markings maintain higher speeds at all observed distances. The largest difference occurs at 20 meters, with a speed gap of 4.74 km/h. This finding suggests that faded markings lead to delayed deceleration, while clear markings encourage earlier and more gradual speed reduction. The multiple linear regression proved that perceived marking clarity has a significant effect on violation behavior with a coefficient of 0.112 and a significance value of 0.029. The model explains 50.4% of the variation in violation behavior. Among the variables, ETLE awareness shows the strongest influence, followed by improved marking perception.

Analysis of Human Error Factors in Traffic Accident (Case Study: Tangerang-Merak Toll Road)

Dika Ruslaninur Yadi — 2026-05-23

Traffic accidents carry significant social, economic, and public safety consequences. In Indonesia, human error accounts for over 60% of accident cases, based on data from the Indonesian National Police Traffic Corps. The Tangerang-Merak Toll Road, a vital corridor connecting industrial areas and major ports in western Java, has seen a notable increase in accidents in recent years, underscoring the need for a deeper understanding of human error contributions. This study aims to analyze the influence of human error-related factors, including driving behavior, risk perception, environmental factors, and individual characteristics, on traffic accidents on the Tangerang-Merak Toll Road. A quantitative approach using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) was employed to examine these relationships. Data were collected through observation, literature review, and questionnaires. The model demonstrates strong explanatory power, with an R-square value of 0.606, indicating that 60.6% of the variation in traffic accidents is explained by the included variables. Driving behavior is the most dominant factor, with a path coefficient of 0.669, followed by risk perception (0.248). Environmental factors show a negative relationship (-0.478), suggesting that certain environmental conditions may reduce accident risk. Individual characteristics exhibit smaller and mixed effects, including driving experience (0.134), frequency of toll road usage (-0.149), vehicle type (-0.073), and gender (-0.144).

Traffic Management Analysis and Mitigation of Counter-Flow Violations Using Traffic Conflict Techniques in Alam Sutera, Tangerang

Reza Doris Perdana — 2026-06-02

Wrong-Way Driving (WWD) by motorcycle riders is a critical safety issue in urban Indonesia, with the Alam Sutera area, Tangerang, recording 1,126 violators in a single peak‑hour observation. This study formulates an integrated traffic management and mitigation strategy for the phenomenon of Wrong-Way Driving (WWD) in the Alam Sutera area. The primary issue is driven by the inefficiency of the legal route (1,800 m) compared to the WWD route (270.1 m), which creates a justification for speculative behavior. Proactive safety analysis using the Swedish Traffic Conflict Technique (TCT) identified an extreme fatality risk with an average Time-to-Accident (TA) value of 0.7 seconds, with 80% of interactions categorized as serious conflicts. Questionnaire analysis based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) confirmed a critical detour distance threshold at >1,000 m, which serves as a trigger point for driving violations. Evaluation through VISSIM microsimulation (validated with GEH value < 5 and MAPE value < 50% ) shows that Scenario 3 is the most optimal mitigation. By implementing a 1.20 km alternative route via the roundabout, installing permanent physical barriers, and optimizing the traffic signal cycle time from 143 seconds to 90 seconds, the traffic volume load at the conflict point was significantly redistributed. This strategy effectively enhancing operational performance by reducing average delay to 20.34 seconds/vehicle at Level of Service (LOS) C.

Factors Influencing Traffic Accidents on the Cipularang Toll Road: An Analysis Using Multiple Linear Regression

Dedi Kurniawan — 2026-06-02

Traffic accidents remain a critical issue in road safety, particularly on toll roads with high traffic intensity such as the Cipularang Toll Road. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing traffic accidents by applying a multiple linear regression approach, with a focus on human-related factors represented by driver physical condition. Data spanning 2023–2025 from the Cipularang Toll Road corridor were collected through structured interview surveys and supported by secondary data from official accident records. The variables examined include driver characteristics, vehicle conditions, traffic and environmental factors, and behavioral aspects. The results show that estimated speed and driving license type have a statistically significant effect on the dependent variable at the 5% significance level. Estimated speed is identified as the most influential factor, indicating that higher speeds are associated with a decline in driver physical condition, which may increase accident risk. The selection of physical condition as the dependent variable is supported by police reports indicating that a substantial number of accidents are caused by driver fatigue, drowsiness, and reduced alertness, especially on long-distance toll roads. Other variables, although not statistically significant, demonstrate relationships consistent with theoretical expectations. These findings highlight the importance of addressing both speed management and driver fatigue in reducing accident risk. The study contributes to evidence-based road safety strategies by providing a comprehensive analysis of accident-related factors, helping policymakers and toll road operators design more effective safety interventions, especially on high-risk segments like the Cipularang Toll Road.