Reconstruction of Agrarian Reform Policy Based on Presidential Regulation No. 62 of 2023: A Juridical Study on State Responsibility in Guaranteeing Citizens’ Constitutional Rights to Land
##plugins.themes.EpsilonTheme.article.main##
Shinta Pangesti*
Ayu Rosita Nugiantari
Bagus Permadi
Vanny Vanny
Land inequality remains a persistent issue in Indonesia, often leading to agrarian conflicts and limiting access for marginalized groups. Presidential Regulation No. 62 of 2023 was introduced to strengthen agrarian reform and uphold citizens’ constitutional rights to land. This study aims to examines Presidential Regulation No. 62 of 2023 as a key policy aimed at addressing inequality in land ownership in Indonesia, with a focus on how this regulation facilitates agrarian reform and resolves agrarian conflicts. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of the policy in distributing land to marginalized communities and ensuring citizens’ constitutional rights to land. The method employed is a normative juridical approach, using library research as the technique for collecting legal materials. Data were gathered from primary sources, such as the regulation itself, and secondary sources, including books, journals, and previous studies on agrarian reform. The findings indicate that although this policy has the potential to reduce land inequality, its implementation faces significant challenges due to bureaucratic obstacles, political influence, and resistance from large landowners. This study concludes that the success of implementation largely depends on government commitment, effective oversight, and community involvement to ensure equitable land distribution and the resolution of agrarian conflicts.
Alvian, F., & Mujiburohman, D. A. (2022). Implementasi Reforma Agraria Pada Era Pemerintahan Presiden Joko Widodo. Tunas Agraria, 5(2), 111–126. https://doi.org/10.31292/jta.v5i2.176
Aziz, A. (2024). Implementasi Peraturan Presiden Nomor 62 Tahun 2023 Tentang Percepatan Pelaksanaan Reforma Agraria (Studi Kasus Desa Sumberwuluh, Kecamatan Candipuro, Kabupaten Lumajang). Universitas Islam Malang.
Bachriadi, D., & Wiradi, G. (2011). Enam dekade ketimpangan: masalah penguasaan tanah di Indonesia. Agrarian Resource Centre, Bina Desa & KPA.
Barora, S. (2020). Perlindungan Masyarakat Hukum Adat dalam Konstitusi sebagai Perwujudan Asas Equality Before The Law. De Jure Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Hukum, 1(2), 153–169. https://doi.org/10.33387/dejure.v1i2.2022
Bujangga, I. K. W. A., & Purwanto, I. W. N. (2022). Application of the Liability Principle in the Land Sale as Joint Property Before a Notary. POLICY, LAW, NOTARY AND REGULATORY ISSUES, 1(4), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.55047/polri.v1i4.433
Harsono, B. (2008). Hukum Agraria Indonesia: Sejarah Pembentukan UUPA, Isi dan Pelaksanaannya. Djambatan.
Haykal, V. (2026). Implementasi Peran Gugus Tugas Reforma Agraria Dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Agraria Di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur Berdasarkan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 62 Tahun 2023 (Studi Kasus Desa Sukamaju) [Universitas Jambi]. https://repository.unja.ac.id/91329/
Khairunia, S. Z., Simanjuntak, R. R., Putri, S. L. A., Nathaniella, A., & Madhina, A. C. (2024). Optimalisasi Reforma Agraria Untuk Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Dalam Kerangka Hukum Tanah Nasional. Van Java Law Journal, 1(02), 130–142. https://doi.org/10.64578/vjlj.v1i02.114
KPA. (2025). Catatan Akhir Tahun. https://www.kpa.or.id/catatan-akhir-tahun/
Krippendorff, K. (2018). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology. Sage publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781071878781
McCarthy, J. F., Dhiaulhaq, A., Afiff, S., & Robinson, K. (2022). Land reform rationalities and their governance effects in Indonesia: Provoking land politics or addressing adverse formalisation? Geoforum, 132, 92–102. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2022.04.008
Novanto, B. S., Amelia, D. F., & Widhianti, K. (2025). Analisis Kebijakan Redistribusi Tanah Untuk Mengatasi Ketimpangan Sosial Ekonomi di Pedesaan. Notaire, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.20473/ntr.v8i3.70896
Prasetya, N. H., Zuffran, F., & Murtada, F. S. (2024). Analisis konflik agraria di Kalimantan Timur: Studi kasus sengketa lahan antara masyarakat adat dan perusahaan tambang. Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI), 2(2). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12636956
Rafie, P. A., Merta, M. M., & Junaidi, J. (2024). Community Empowerment Strategies Through Mediation Technical Guidance in Land Dispute Resolution. JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY SERVICE, 4(1), 88–99. https://doi.org/10.55047/jscs.v4i1.584
Rawls, J. (2017). A theory of justice. In Applied ethics (pp. 21–29). Routledge.
Sari, A. O. V. P., & Wahanisa, R. (2025). An Integrative Model for Resolving Land Tenure Conflicts in Protected Forest Areas: Model Integratif Penyelesaian Konflik Penguasaan Tanah dalam Kawasan Hutan Lindung. Constitutional Law Society, 4(2), 189–213. https://doi.org/10.36448/cls.v4i2.120
Silaban, M. (2025). Sumber Penghidupan Rakyat dan Rencana Revisi UU Pokok Agraria 1960. Mongabay. https://mongabay.co.id/2025/01/13/sumber-penghidupan-rakyat-dan-rencana-revisi-uu-pokok-agraria-1960/
Sinaga, P. (2020). Konflik Dan Reformasi Agraria Di Indonesia : Tantangan Dan Harapan. Jurnal of Government (JOG), 5(2), 57–73. https://journal.uta45jakarta.ac.id/index.php/gov/article/view/4453
Soekanto, S., & Mamudji, S. (2016). Penelitian Hukum Normatif Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. Rajawali Press.
Suara Pembaruan Agraria. (2024). Catatan Kritis Reforma Agraria di Era Joko Widodo. KPA. https://www.kpa.or.id/2024/09/catatan-kritis-reforma-agraria-di-era-joko-widodo/
Wei, Y. D., & Ewing, R. (2018). Urban expansion, sprawl and inequality. In Landscape and urban planning (Vol. 177, pp. 259–265). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.05.021
Yudhistira, A. P., Karjoko, L., & Handayani, I. G. A. K. R. (2025). Implementasi Kebijakan Reforma Agraria di Kelurahan Mojo, Kecamatan Pasar Kliwon. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Program Doktor Ilmu Hukum, 223–232. https://proceedings.ums.ac.id/pdih/article/view/6280
