The Effect of Servant Leadership and Compensation on Employee Engagement Makassar City Tourism Office
Main Article Content
Andi Batary Citta*
Guntur Suryo Putro
Arfiany
Akmal Syam
This study investigates the impact of servant leadership and compensation on employee engagement at the Makassar City Tourism Office in Indonesia. The research addresses a critical gap in understanding how leadership style and compensation strategies affect employee engagement within public sector tourism organizations. Using a quantitative methodology, the study collected data from 50 employees through a mixed-method approach incorporating questionnaires, direct observations, and interviews. Statistical analysis revealed that servant leadership has a significant positive influence on employee engagement, demonstrating that leadership approaches focused on serving and supporting employees can enhance their workplace commitment and involvement. Similarly, compensation was found to have a substantial positive effect on employee engagement, confirming that both financial and non-financial rewards play crucial roles in fostering employee motivation and dedication. The findings provide practical implications for public sector organizations, particularly in tourism management, suggesting that the implementation of servant leadership principles combined with effective compensation strategies can create an optimal work environment that promotes higher levels of employee engagement. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on public sector management and offers valuable insights for policy makers and organizational leaders seeking to enhance workforce engagement in government tourism offices.
Al-Azab, M. R., & Al-Romeedy, B. S. (2023). Servant Leadership and Tourism Businesses’ Outcomes: A Multiple Mediation Model. Tourism Review, 79(1), 184–204. https://doi.org/10.1108/tr-11-2022-0538
Alasadi, R., Muhammed, S., Abidi, O., & Dženopoljac, V. (2019). Impact of Servant Leadership on Intrinsic and Extrinsic Job Satisfaction. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 40(4), 472–484. https://doi.org/10.1108/lodj-09-2018-0337
Albrecht, S. L., Bakker, A. B., Gruman, J. A., Macey, W. H., & Saks, A. M. (2015). Employee Engagement, Human Resource Management Practices and Competitive Advantage. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness People and Performance, 2(1), 7–35. https://doi.org/10.1108/joepp-08-2014-0042
Aljandali, A. (2016). Quantitative Analysis and IBM® SPSS® Statistics. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45528-0
Anitha, J. (2014). Determinants of employee engagement and their impact on employee performance. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 63(3), 308–323. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-01-2013-0008
Citta, A. B., Hikmah, H., Slamet, S., & Yanti, U. D. (2023). Impact of Talent Management on Organizational Performance with Political Skills as a Moderating Variable. Proceedings International Economics And Business Conference, 1(1), 56–63.
Firdinata, R., & Hendriyani, H. (2021). Employee Engagement Model: A Study Among Millennials. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.16-10-2019.2304293
Firmansyah, A. (2024). Pengaruh Kompetensi, Kompensasi Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Employee Engagement. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Dan Ilmu Sosial, 5(3), 633–639. https://doi.org/10.38035/jmpis.v5i3.2032
Gupta, S., & Nambudiri, R. (2021). How Do I Become a Servant Leader? A Practitioner’s Approach to Servant Leadership Development. Development in Learning Organizations an International Journal, 36(4), 20–22. https://doi.org/10.1108/dlo-07-2021-0126
Hadley, C. (2024). A Millennial’s Leadership Perspective: Reflections On a decade of Mentorship From a servant Leader. Journal of Leadership Education, 23(1), 15–19. https://doi.org/10.1108/jole-02-2024-0033
Handoko, N. T. P., Susbiyani, A., & Martini, N. n. P. (2022). Pengaruh Kompensasi Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dengan Motivasi Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening. Jurnal Manajemen, 14(1), 181–190. https://doi.org/10.30872/jmmn.v14i1.10879
Herlina, E., Tukiran, M., & Anwar, S. (2021). The Effect of Entrepreneurial Leadership on Organizational Performance: Literature Review. MARGINAL : Journal of Management, Accounting, General Finance and International Economic Issues, 1(1), 25–33. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55047/marginal.v1i1.9
Joseph, E. E., & Winston, B. E. (2005). A correlation of servant leadership, leader trust, and organizational trust. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 26(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730510575552
Khoiriah, N., & Utami, W. (2019). Pengaruh Kompensasi Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Motivasi Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XII Bagian Pengolahan Karet Kebun Kotta Blater Jember. E-Journal Ekonomi Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 6(2), 141. https://doi.org/10.19184/ejeba.v6i2.11158
Labuan, B. W. (2024). The Influence of Servant Leadership on the Character of Teachers at Catholic Junior High School Stella Maris Tomohon. Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies, 4(3), 750–760. https://doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v4i3.1045
Liden, R. C., Wayne, S. J., Zhao, H., & Henderson, D. (2008). Servant Leadership: Development of a Multidimensional Measure and Multi-Level Assessment. The Leadership Quarterly, 19(2), 161–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2008.01.006
Luthfiana, A., & Yuhertiana, I. (2021). Measuring Engagement Index On Millennial Employee At Vocational Higher Education. IJEBD (International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Development), 4(4). https://doi.org/10.29138/ijebd.v4i4.1467
Manjaree, H. M. S., & Perera, D. A. S. (2021). Determinants of Employee Engagement during COVID 19 Pandemic (Case of Sri Lanka Technological Campus). International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 05(07). https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2021.5743
Mega, N. T. (2023). Analisis Pengaruh Kompensasi Dan Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Budaya Organisasi Islami Sebagai Variabel Moderating. Jiem, 3(1), 74–86. https://doi.org/10.18326/jiem.v3i1.74-86
Mercurio, Z. A. (2015). Affective Commitment as a Core Essence of Organizational Commitment: An Integrative Literature Review. Human Resource Development Review, 14(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484315603612
Miao, Q., Newman, A., Schwarz, G., & Xu, L. (2014). Servant Leadership, Trust, and the Organizational Commitment of Public Sector Employees in China. Public Administration, 92(3), 727–743. https://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12091
Nawawi, H. H. (2018). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia untuk bisnis yang kompetitif.
Omanwar, S. P. (2021). Servant Leadership, Organizational Identification and Turnover Intention: An Empirical Study in Hospitals. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 30(2), 239–258. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-08-2020-2374
Özyılmaz, A., & Cicek, S. S. (2015). How Does Servant Leadership Affect Employee Attitudes, Behaviors, and Psychological Climates in a for-Profit Organizational Context? Journal of Management & Organization, 21(3), 263–290. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2014.80
Ploscaru, A. N., Rotea, C. C., Dumitriu, S., & Georgescu, I. (2023). Evaluating the Effects of HRM Practices on Employee Engagement and Organizational Culture. 68–73. https://doi.org/10.24818/basiq/2023/09/034
Prilatama, A., & Churiyah, M. (2023). Job Satisfaction: A Bibliometric Analysis. JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES, SOCIAL SCIENCES AND BUSINESS, 2(3), 434–443.
Priyono, B. S., Cahyaningsih, E., Indriyaningrum, K., & Putra, A. B. (2019). The Role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior as an Intervening Variable in the Influence of Servant Leadership and Employee Engagement on Performance. https://doi.org/10.2991/icoi-19.2019.113
Rachman, T., Mujanah, S., & Susanti, N. (2021). Servant Leadership, Self Awareness Dan Kompensasi Pengaruhnya Terhadap Employee Engagement Dan Kinerja Karyawan Pada Puskesmas Tanjungbumi Madura. Media Mahardhika, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.29062/mahardika.v19i2.260
Rahayani, Y. (2016). Servant Leadership: Educational Institution. Journal of English and Education, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.20885/jee.vol4.iss1.art7
Rahman, A., & Muktadir, M. G. (2021). SPSS: An Imperative Quantitative Data Analysis Tool for Social Science Research. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 05(10), 300–302. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2021.51012
Richardson, T. M. (2023). Servant-Leadership in the Military: An Investigation of Servant-Leadership Among Technical Sergeants in the United States Air Force. International Journal of Servant-Leadership, 17(1), 285–315. https://doi.org/10.33972/ijsl.383
Saad, M. M., Gaber, H. R., & Labib, A. A. (2021). Investigating the Impact of Human Resource Management Practices on Employee Engagement, and the Moderating Role of Strategy Implementation in Egypt. Sa Journal of Human Resource Management, 19. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v19i0.1412
Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(7). https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940610690169
Setiawan, B. (2023). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja, Team Work, Dan Kompensasi Terhadap Keterikatan Karyawan Dengan Budaya Organisasi Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Journal of Economics and Business Ubs, 12(5), 3104–3121. https://doi.org/10.52644/joeb.v12i5.587
Sihombing, S., Astuti, E. S., Al Musadieq, M., Hamied, D., & Rahardjo, K. (2018). The effect of servant leadership on rewards, organizational culture and its implication for employee’s performance. International Journal of Law and Management, 60(2), 505–516. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLMA-12-2016-0174
Trompenaars, F., & Voerman, E. (2010). Harnessing the Strength of the World’s Most Powerful Management Philosophy. Servant Leadership Across Cultures. In Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling.
Wang, Z. (2022). The Effects and Mechanism of Leader-Member Exchange on Individual Innovative Behavior and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Meta-Analysis Based on Thriving at Work and Cultural Contexts. BCP Business & Management, 19, 672–686. https://doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v19i.863
Widyastuti, M. T. (2022). Pengaruh Servant Leadership Terhadap Job Performance Yang Dimediasi Oleh Job Attitude Dan Work Behavior Karyawan Pada Industri Perhotelan Milik BUMN. International Journal of Digital Entrepreneurship and Business, 3(2), 74–91. https://doi.org/10.52238/ideb.v3i2.93
Yang, P. M. (2023). Servant Leadership: The Impact on Employee Job Satisfaction in Law Enforcement. Journal of Leadership Accountability and Ethics, 2023(20). https://doi.org/10.33423/jlae.v2023i20.6515
